Northern Red Oak
Quercus rubra
Fagaceae
Photo by Placeholder via System Generated • CC0 (2025-05-28)
Description
The Northern Red Oak is a majestic tree that dominates many forests in the northeastern United States. In Buffalo, these trees are prized for their strong wood, rapid growth, and beautiful fall colors. Red Oaks are excellent shade trees and provide important food for wildlife through their acorns.
Characteristics
Leaf Type
simple
Leaf Shape
7-11 pointed lobes with bristle tips
Height
70-90 feet
Bark
dark gray with flat-topped ridges and shallow furrows
Fruit
acorns 3/4-1 inch with shallow cap
Identification Tips
- • Pointed leaf lobes with bristle tips (not rounded)
- • Acorns take two years to mature
- • Bark has 'ski trail' patterns between ridges
- • Leaves are shiny on top
- • Inner bark is reddish
Seasonal Changes
Spring
New leaves emerge pinkish, turning green
Summer
Dense canopy provides excellent shade
Fall
Rich red to russet-brown fall color
Winter
Persistent brown leaves on young trees
Habitat & Growing Conditions
Hardiness Zones
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Soil Preference
well-drained, slightly acidic, sandy loam
Sun Requirements
full sun
Image Gallery
Leaves
Photo by Placeholder via System Generated • CC0
Bark
Photo by Placeholder via System Generated • CC0
Winter
Photo by Placeholder via System Generated • CC0