American Elm
Ulmus americana
Ulmaceae
Photo by Placeholder via System Generated • CC0 (2025-05-28)
Description
American Elm was once the dominant street tree in Buffalo, creating cathedral-like canopies over roads. Dutch Elm Disease decimated populations, but resistant varieties are being planted. Its distinctive vase shape and graceful form made it America's favorite urban tree.
Characteristics
Leaf Type
simple
Leaf Shape
oval with double-serrated edges and asymmetrical base
Height
80-100 feet
Bark
gray with deep intersecting ridges
Fruit
flat, circular samaras with papery wing
Identification Tips
- • Vase or fountain-like shape
- • Leaves with asymmetrical base
- • Double-serrated leaf edges
- • Deep intersecting bark ridges
- • Drooping branch tips
Seasonal Changes
Spring
Small flowers before leaves, seeds by late spring
Summer
Graceful vase-shaped canopy provides excellent shade
Fall
Yellow fall color
Winter
Distinctive vase shape visible
Habitat & Growing Conditions
Hardiness Zones
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Soil Preference
rich, moist, adaptable
Sun Requirements
full sun
Image Gallery
Leaves
Photo by Placeholder via System Generated • CC0
Winter
Photo by Placeholder via System Generated • CC0